The Dairy Farm | Maths Grade 5 CBSE

Play with it

Six ideas at the dairy

Multiplying puts equal groups together; dividing shares them out. Tap each term to see what it means, with a farm example.

Explore · × and ÷tap a term

Learn

The three big ideas

Multiplication is a fast way to add equal groups. 8 cows × 12 litres = 8 + 8 + … or, more simply, 8 × 12.
The order does not change the answer: 8 × 12 = 12 × 8. Use your times tables to be quick.
It answers “how many in all?” when each group is the same size.

Worked example. A farm has 8 cows; each gives 12 litres of milk a day. How much milk a day?

8 equal groups of 12 litres: 8 × 12 = 96 litres every day.

Division splits a total into equal shares (how many each?) or equal groups (how many groups?).
Sometimes it does not divide exactly — the bit left over is the remainder.
Division and multiplication are partners: if 8 × 12 = 96, then 96 ÷ 8 = 12.

Worked example. 50 litres of milk goes into 6-litre cans. How many full cans, and how much is left?

50 ÷ 6 = 8 remainder 2. So 8 full cans (using 48 litres) and 2 litres left over.

If you know each group and how many groups, and want the total → multiply.
If you know the total and want how many each or how many groups → divide.
Some problems need two steps — solve one part, then use it for the next.

Worked example. Milk sells at ₹50 a litre. A family buys 7 litres. What is the cost?

7 equal groups of ₹50: 7 × 50 = ₹350.

Common mix-up: swapping “how many each” with “how many groups”. Read slowly and picture the farm — are you sharing milk into cans, or counting how many cans you can fill?

Where you’ll meet it

× and ÷ at work

Filling the cans

A dairy pours the day’s milk into equal cans. Division finds how many full cans and how many litres are left to use at home.

The day’s sales

If each litre sells for the same price, multiplication gives the total money — and helps the farmer plan for the week.

Packing for the market

Eggs in trays, fruit in crates, sweets in boxes — equal groups everywhere. Multiply to count the total, divide to pack them evenly.

Check yourself

Quick quiz

Ten friendly questions — mostly multiple-choice with one two-step story problem — to check that you can use multiplication and division, not just remember them.

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