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Grade 4/ Maths/ Equal Groups
Chapter 9 · NCERT Class 4 Maths Mela

Equal Groups

Three plates of four samosas, four rows of five chairs — equal groups are everywhere. Multiplication counts them in one quick step. Tap each idea to explore it.

✖️ 3 topics⏱ ~18 min📝 10-question quiz
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Six multiplying ideas

Multiplication counts equal groups fast. Tap each term to see what it means, with an example.

Explore · Multiplyingtap a term

Learn

The three big ideas

  • Equal groups have the same number in each — like 4 baskets with 5 apples each.
  • An array shows equal groups as rows and columns of dots, easy to count.
  • 3 rows of 4 dots is 3 × 4 = 12 dots in all.

Worked example. A tray has 4 rows of 6 idlis. How many idlis altogether?

4 rows × 6 = 24 idlis.

  • A multiplication table is just skip counting written in order.
  • The 5-times table is 5, 10, 15, 20, 25... — skip counting by 5.
  • Learning the tables makes story sums fast and easy.

Worked example. Use the 7-times table to find 7 × 4.

7, 14, 21, 28. The fourth number is 28, so 7 × 4 = 28.

  • Numbers can be multiplied in any order: 8 × 2 = 2 × 8.
  • Multiplying by 2 is the same as doubling: double 9 is 18.
  • Multiplying by 10 just adds a zero: 6 × 10 = 60.

Worked example. Is it quicker to add 9 + 9, or to work out 2 × 9?

Both give 18 — doubling and multiplying by 2 are the same thing.

Common mix-up: 3 × 4 (three fours) and 4 × 3 (four threes) look different but give the same total, 12. The order does not change the answer.

Where you’ll meet it

Equal groups around us

Tiles and trays

Floor tiles and egg trays are arrays — rows and columns you can multiply to count fast.

Seating and rows

Chairs set in equal rows for a function are counted with multiplication, not one by one.

Buying in packs

Packs of 6 juice boxes or 12 eggs — knowing the tables tells you the total in a flash.

Check yourself

Quick quiz

Ten friendly questions — mostly multiple-choice with one assertion–reason — to check your multiplication.

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Interactive built to the OpenMAIC approach (THU-MAIC, MIT). Content from the NCERT Class 4 Maths Mela textbook (ncert.nic.in).

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